Geographical skills and fieldwork (Fieldwork skills set out in separate table) |
Phase | Skills | Knowledge |
Key Stage 1 | - Using an atlas to locate the UK.
- Using a map of the UK to locate the four countries.
- Beginning to use an atlas to locate the four capital cities of the UK.
- Using an atlas to locate the Atlantic Ocean and Pacific Ocean.
- Recognising why maps need a title.
- Using an atlas to locate the four capital cities of the UK.
- Using a world map, globe and atlas to locate all the world’s seven continents.
- Using a world map, globe and atlas to locate the world’s five oceans.
- Using directional language to describe the location of objects in the classroom and playground.
- Using directional language to describe features on a map in relation to other features (real or imaginary).
- Responding to instructions using directional language to follow routes.
- Beginning to use the compass points (N, S, E, and W) to describe the location of features on a map.
- Using locational language and the compass points (N, S, E, and W) to describe the location of features on a map.
- Using locational language and the compass points (N, S, E, and W) to describe the route on a map.
- Using locational language and the compass points (N, S, and E, W) to plan a route in the playground or school grounds.
- Using a map to follow a prepared route.
- Recognising local landmarks on aerial photographs.
- Recognising basic human features on aerial photographs.
- Recognising basic physical features on aerial photographs.
- Drawing freehand maps (of real or imaginary places) using simple pictures or symbols.
- Drawing a simple sketch map of the classroom and playground using simple pictures, colours or symbols to represent features.
- Adding labels to sketch maps.
- Using simple picture maps and plans to move around the school.
- Recognising landmarks of a city studied on aerial photographs and plan perspectives.
- Recognising human features on aerial photographs and plan perspectives.
- Recognising physical features on aerial photographs and plan perspectives.
- Drawing a map and using class agreed symbols to make a simple key.
- Drawing a simple sketch map of the playground or school grounds using symbols to represent human and physical features.
- Finding a given OS symbol on a map with support.
- Beginning to draw objects to scale (e.g. show the school playground is smaller than the school or school field).
- Using an aerial photograph to draw a simple sketch map using basic symbols for a key.
| - To know that an aerial photograph is a photograph taken from the air above.
- To know that atlases give information about the world and that a map tells us information about a place.
- To know that a map is a picture of a place, usually drawn from above.
- To know that symbols are often used on maps to represent features.
- To know simple directional language (e.g. near, far, up, down, left, right, forwards, backwards).
- To know what a sketch map is.
- To know that a globe is a spherical model of the Earth.
- To begin to recognise world maps as a flattened globe.
- To know that a compass is an instrument we can use to find which direction is north.
- To know which direction is N, S, E, Won a map.
- To know that maps need a title and purpose.
- To know that maps need a key to explain what the symbols and colours represent.
- To know that an interview can be a way to find out people’s views about their area.
- To know that a tally chart is a way of collecting data quickly.
- To know that a pictogram is a chart that uses pictures to show data.
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Lower Key Stage 2 | - Beginning to use maps at more than one scale.
- Using atlases, maps, globes, satellite images and beginning to use digital mapping to locate countries studied.
- Using atlases, maps, and globes and beginning to use digital mapping to recognise and describe physical features and human features in countries studied.
- Using the scale bar on a map to estimate distances.
- Finding countries and features of countries in an atlas using contents and index.
- Zooming in and out of a digital map.
- Beginning to use the key on an OS map to name and recognise key physical and human features in regions studied.
- Accurately using 4-figure grid references to locate features on a map in regions studied.
- Beginning to locate features using the 8 points of a compass.
- Using a simple key on their own map to show an example of both physical and human features.
- Following a route on a map with some accuracy.
- Saying which directions are N, S, E, Won an OS map.
- Making and using a simple route on a map.
- Labelling some features on an aerial photograph and then locating these on an OS map of the same locality and scale in regions studied.
| - To understand that a scale shows how much smaller a map is compared to real life.
- To recognise world maps as a flattened globe.
- To know that an OS (Ordnance survey) map is used for personal use and organisations use it for housing projects, planning the natural environment and public transport and for security purposes.
- To know that an OS map shows human and physical features as symbols.
- To know that grid references help us locate a particular square on a map.
- To know the eight points of a compass are north, south, east, west, north-east, south-east, north-west, south-west.
- To know the main types of land use (agricultural, residential, recreational, commercial, industrial and transportation)
- To know an enquiry-based question has an open-ended answer found by research.
- To know how to use various simple sampling techniques.
- To know what a questionnaire and an interview are.
- To know that quantitative data involves numerical facts and figures and is often objective.
- To know that an annotated drawing or sketch map is hand drawn and gives a rough idea of features of an area without having to be completely accurate.
- To know a Likert scale is used to record people’s feelings and attitudes.
- To know that qualitative data involves opinions, thoughts and feelings and is often subjective.
- To know what a bar chart, pictogram and table are and when to use which one best to represent data
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Upper Key Stage 2 | - Confidently using and understanding maps at more than one scale.
- Using atlases, maps, globes and digital mapping to locate countries studied.
- Using atlases, maps, globes and digital mapping to describe and explain physical and human features in countries studied.
- Identifying, analysing and asking questions about distributions and relationships between features using maps (e.g. settlement distribution).
- Using the scale bar on a map to calculate distances.
- Recognising an increasing range of Ordnance Survey symbols on maps and locating features using six-figure grid references.
- Recognising the difference between Ordnance Survey and other maps and when it is most appropriate to use each.
- Beginning to use thematic maps to recognise and describe human and physical features studied.
- Using models and maps to talk about contours and slopes.
- Selecting a map for a specific purpose.
- Confidently using the key on an OS map to name and recognise key physical and human features in regions studied.
- Accurately using 4 and 6-figure Grid References to locate features on a map in regions studied.
- Confidently locating features using the 8 points of a compass.
- Following a short pre-prepared route on an OS map.
- Identifying the 8 compass points on an OS map.
- Planning a journey to another part of the world using six figure grid references and the eight points of a compass.
| - To know that contours on a map show height and slope.
- To know that qualitative data involves qualities, characteristics and is largely opinion based and subjective.
- To know that GIS is a digital system that creates and manages maps, used to support analysis for enquiries.
- To know that a pie chart can represent a fraction or percentage of a whole set of data.
- To know a line graph can represent variables over time.
- To be aware of some issues in the local area.
- To know what a range of data collection methods look like.
- To know how to use a range of data collection methods.
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